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Society By-laws6 min read15 October 2026

Tenant vs Flat Owner: Who Pays Monthly Maintenance in Karachi & Lahore Under Society By-Laws?

Clear guidelines on who pays routine operational maintenance vs capital sinking fund repairs (elevator modernization, exterior waterproofing) under standard tenancy agreements.

Short answer

In standard Pakistani practice the tenant pays routine running costs such as security, sweeping and diesel, while the owner pays capital repairs such as lift replacement and roof waterproofing. Write this split into the tenancy agreement and bill each flat to the right person.

LA

Nearlify Legal Advisory Desk

Tenancy & Property Law Specialist

Tenant vs Flat Owner: Who Pays Monthly Maintenance in Karachi & Lahore Under Society By-Laws?
💡 Nearlify Research Advisory: Verified operational insights for Pakistani residential apartment committees, housing societies, and property owners.

The Recurring Battle: "Do We Ask the Owner or the Tenant?"

One of the top sources of arrears in Pakistani apartment buildings is confusion over maintenance liability when a flat is rented out.

The building guard arrives at the door for the monthly maintenance fee, and the tenant says: > "This is the flat owner's responsibility, collect it from them." Meanwhile, the flat owner in Dubai or Islamabad says: > "The resident is the one using the routine services, so the tenant should pay."

Result? Months go by, arrears accumulate, and building services suffer.


Standard Legal Breakdown

Under standard Sindh Rented Premises Ordinance and Punjab Rented Premises Act frameworks:

  1. Operational / Usufructuary Charges (Tenant’s Responsibility):
  2. - Security guard salaries
  3. - Garbage collection and hallway sweeping
  4. - Generator diesel consumed during the tenancy month
  5. - Common electricity meter share (staircase lights and water pumps)
  6. - Routine water tanker deliveries consumed by current residents
  1. Capital Asset & Structural Reserves (Owner’s Responsibility):
  2. - Elevator replacement / cable renewal (Sinking Fund)
  3. - Roof waterproofing and exterior plastering
  4. - Building fire safety system overhaul
  5. - Structural generator overhaul or complete engine replacement

The Nearlify Flat-Level Billing Toggle

Nearlify solves this with a single click: each unit card features a "Bill To: Owner | Tenant" toggle. Both parties get access to a private Rental Vault where utility bills and rent clearance receipts are safely stored, ensuring smooth vacancy and security deposit returns.

Related reading: Generator Fuel Split Formula and the dispute-free AGM audit report.

Key Questions Answered (FAQ)

Is maintenance paid by owner or tenant in Pakistan?

Operational maintenance (security, sweeping, routine generator diesel, water tankers) is legally the tenant responsibility. Capital repairs (elevator replacement, roof waterproofing, exterior paint) belong to the flat owner.

What happens if a tenant vacates without clearing maintenance dues?

The building management holds the flat unit accountable. Unpaid arrears must be deducted from the tenant security deposit before the clearance certificate is granted.

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